TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
A1  - Rosenbaum, David H.
A2  - Sherman, Scott C.
A2  - Weber, Joseph M.
A2  - Schindlbeck, Michael A.
A2  - Rahul G., Patwari
Y1  - 2014
N1  - 
T2  - Clinical Emergency Medicine
AB  - Respiratory  infections  are  responsible  for  most  acute  exacerbations  of  chronic  obstructive  pulmonary  disease  (COPD).Beta-adrenergic  agonists  and  anticholinergic  drugs  remain  the  primary  bronchodilators  and  are  most  effective  when  used  together.Steroids  should  be  given  to  nearly  all  patients  presenting  to  the  emergency  department  (ED)  with  COPD  exacerbations,  and  ongoing  therapy  should  be  prescribed  for  those  patients  who  are  discharged.Antibiotics  are  an  important  adjunct  to  therapy,  although  their  use  should  be  guided  by  the  patient's  signs  and  symptoms.Noninvasive  ventilation  is  a  critical  component  of  therapy  that  is  best  used  early  in  the  ED  course  to  avoid  the  need  for  intubation.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1101224509
ER  -