RT Book, Section
A1 Whelan, Lori
A2 Cydulka, Rita K.
A2 Fitch, Michael T.
A2 Joing, Scott A.
A2 Wang, Vincent J.
A2 Cline, David M.
A2 Ma, O. John
SR Print(0)
ID 1143139979
T1 Acute Heart Failure
T2 Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine Manual, 8e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071837026
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1143139979
RD 2024/04/19
AB Acute  heart  failure  covers  a  wide  spectrum  of  illness,  with  symptoms  ranging  from  a  gradual  increase  in  leg  swelling,  shortness  of  breath,  or  decreased  exercise  tolerance  to  the  abrupt  onset  of  pulmonary  edema  and  respiratory  distress.  While  the  term  congestive  heart  failure  was  historically  used  to  describe  volume  overload,  current  terminology  describes  patients  as  having  acute  heart  failure  when  they  present  with  an  acute  exacerbation  of  chronic  heart  failure  or  when  new-onset  heart  failure  is  diagnosed.  Heart  failure  has  a  poor  prognosis  with  an  approximately  50%  mortality  rate  within  5  years  of  initial  diagnosis.  The  most  common  precipitating  factors  of  acute  heart  failure  are  atrial  fibrillation,  acute  myocardial  infarction  or  ischemia,  discontinuation  of  medications  (diuretics),  increased  sodium  load,  drugs  that  impair  myocardial  function,  and  physical  overexertion.