RT Book, Section
A1 Sokolosky, Mitchell C.
A2 Cline, David M.
A2 Ma, O. John
A2 Cydulka, Rita K.
A2 Meckler, Garth D.
A2 Handel, Daniel A.
A2 Thomas, Stephen H.
SR Print(0)
ID 56272827
T1 Chapter 39. Gastrointestinal Bleeding
T2 Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine Manual, 7e
YR 2012
FD 2012
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-178184-8
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56272827
RD 2024/04/19
AB Gastrointestinal  (GI)  bleeding  is  a  common  problem  in  emergency  medicine  and  should  be  considered  life  threatening  until  proven  otherwise.  Acute  upper  GI  bleeding  is  more  common  than  lower  GI  bleeding.  Upper  GI  bleeding  is  defined  as  that  originating  proximal  to  the  ligament  of  Treitz.  Upper  GI  bleeds  can  result  from  peptic  ulcer  disease,  erosive  gastritis  and  esophagitis,  esophageal  and  gastric  varices,  and  Mallory-Weiss  syndrome.  Lower  GI  bleeds  result  from  diverticular  disease,  followed  by  colitis,  adenomatous  polyps,  and  malignancies.  Less  common  causes  include  vascular  ectasia  (AV  malformation  and  angiodysplasia),  Meckel  diverticulum,  inflammatory  bowel  disease,  and  trauma.  What  may  initially  appear  to  be  lower  GI  bleeding  may  be  upper  GI  bleeding  in  disguise.