RT Book, Section
A1 Brown, Lance
A2 Cline, David M.
A2 Ma, O. John
A2 Cydulka, Rita K.
A2 Meckler, Garth D.
A2 Handel, Daniel A.
A2 Thomas, Stephen H.
SR Print(0)
ID 56274144
T1 Chapter 71. Pneumonia in Infants and Children
T2 Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine Manual, 7e
YR 2012
FD 2012
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-178184-8
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56274144
RD 2024/04/19
AB Most  cases  of  pediatric  pneumonia  develop  from  inhalation  of  infective  bacteria  or  viruses.  The  clinical  presentation,  likely  etiologic  agents,  severity  of  illness,  and  disposition,  vary  with  age.  In  the  neonate,  group  B  Streptococci,  gram-negative  bacteria,  and  Listeria  monocytogenes,  are  important  pathogens.  In  the  1  to  3  month  old  age  group,  infants  may  be  afebrile  with  pneumonitis  syndrome  secondary  to  Chlamydia  trachomatis,  respiratory  syncytial  virus  (RSV),  other  respiratory  viruses,  and  Bordetella  pertussis.  In  the  1  to  24  month  age  group,  mild  to  moderate  pneumonia  can  be  caused  by  respiratory  viruses  as  well  as  Streptococcus  pneumoniae,  Haemophilus  influenzae,  and  Mycoplasma  pneumoniae.  Although  viral  pathogens  dominate  during  years  2  to  5,  the  above  bacterial  pathogens  are  common.  By  the  sixth  year  through  18  years  of  age,  influenza  virus  A  or  B  and  adenovirus  are  common.  At  any  age,  severe  pneumonia  may  be  caused  by  S  aureus,  S  pneumoniae,  M  pneumoniae,  H  influenzae  B,  and  group  A  streptococci.