RT Book, Section
A1 Nordt, Sean P.
A1 Vivero, Lisa E.
A2 Hoffman, Robert S.
A2 Howland, Mary Ann
A2 Lewin, Neal A.
A2 Nelson, Lewis S.
A2 Goldfrank, Lewis R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1108430016
T1 Pharmaceutical Additives
T2 Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 10e
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071801843
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1108430016
RD 2024/04/24
AB During  the  last  century  there  were  several  outbreaks  of  toxicity  in  the  United  States  associated  with  pharmaceutical  additives  (Chap.  2).  The  1937  Massengill  sulfanilamide  disaster  is  the  most  notorious  of  these  epidemics.  Diethylene  glycol,  an  excellent  solvent  and  potent  nephrotoxin,  was  substituted  for  the  additives  propylene  glycol  and  glycerin  in  the  liquid  formulation  of  a  new  sulfanilamide  antibiotic  because  of  lower  cost.25,62,69  As  a  result,  more  than  100  people  died  from  acute  kidney  failure.25  Outbreaks  of  acute  kidney  failure  occurred  when  diethylene  glycol  was  used  to  solubilize  acetaminophen  in  South  Africa,  Bangladesh,  Nigeria,  and  Haiti,  cough  syrup  in  Panama,  and  teething  powder  in  Nigera.20,28,30,71,81,122,133