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INTRODUCTION

The time sensitivity of CPR in sudden cardiac death is emphasized in the American Heart Association Chain of Survival (Table 22-1).1,2 This chapter reviews basic CPR for adults and children ≥8 years old, including the approach to an unresponsive patient; the physiology and mechanics of closed chest compression techniques; and basic airway opening procedures, including initial management of an obstructed airway. This chapter is specifically directed toward healthcare providers, although key updates for lay rescuers are noted, given the healthcare provider’s role in layperson education. Table 22-2 outlines the sequence of steps to be taken when someone is found unresponsive.

TABLE 22-1American Heart Association Chain of Survival1-4
TABLE 22-2Systematic Approach to CPR

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