Schizophrenia is a chronic disease characterized by functional deterioration. Clinical features include “positive symptoms” such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech or behavior, or catatonic behavior, “negative symptoms” such as blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, lack of spontaneity, anhedonia, or impaired attention, as well as cognitive impairment with loose associations or incoherence and the relative absence of a mood disorder. Patients may present to the emergency department for worsening psychosis, suicidal ideations, bizarre or violent behavior, or adverse medication events. Older antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol, effectively treat the “positive symptoms,” and newer antipsychotic medications, such as aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, ziprasidone, and clozapine, effectively treat “positive” and “negative” symptoms. The diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder is made when an individual experiences symptoms and demonstrates signs consistent with schizophrenia for less than 6 months. A brief psychotic disorder is a psychosis that lasts less than 4 weeks in response to a traumatic life experience, such as sexual assault, natural disaster, combat, or death of a loved one.