The list of indications for present-day emergency US is long and continually expanding (Table 3-1). Other common indications include the evaluation for deep vein thrombosis. Lung US can be used to diagnose pneumothorax, pleural fluid, and interstitial lung diseases. US evaluation for abscesses, primarily subcutaneous but also peritonsillar, deep-space, and abdominal is common. Ocular US can be used to identify a retinal detachment, lens dislocation, vitreous hemorrhage, foreign bodies, and optic nerve sheath assessment for increased intracranial pressure. Patients in shock or hypotensive may be evaluated by US of the inferior vena cava and internal jugular veins to estimate central venous pressure. Gastrointestinal US is used for the identification of appendicitis, pyloric stenosis, and other conditions. Male and female genitourinary US is used to assess for testicular and ovarian torsion, intrauterine pregnancy, and ectopic pregnancy. Musculoskeletal US is used to diagnose joint effusions, tendinopathy, and fractures. Procedural US is used for guided assistance of vascular access, paracentesis, thoracentesis, pericardiocentesis, arthrocentesis, lumbar puncture, foreign body removal, nerve blocks, and other procedures.