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Content Update: Fresh Frozen Plasma for Angioedema January 2021
Table 14-6 has been corrected to include Fresh Frozen plasma as a treatment.
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Content Update: tPA-induced Angioedema November 2020
Orolingual angioedema is a rare but well-documented adverse effect of tPA administration. Clinical features and treatment are discussed in this chapter, in the section in Angioedema; and in Chapter 167, under Monitoring and Complications in the section ‘Thrombolysis: Indications, Exclusions, Dosage, Monitoring, and Complications. There is no evidence for treating tPA-induced angioedema with TXA (tranexamic acid).
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Content Update: TXA for ACE-Inhibitor- induced angioedema april 2020
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a readily available, safe, and cost-effective therapy for acute trauma and bleeding. It has been used in ACE-Inhibitor-induced angioedema and idiopathic angioedema, and is recommended by some authors (1). The mechanism of action is unknown, but it may prevent the plasmin-dependent formation of bradykinin (2) No randomized controlled trials are available (3), but weak evidence from observational studies suggests that TXA can be an alternative strategy for ACEI or idiopathic angioedema. The effectiveness of TXA in hereditary Cl inhibitor-deficiency angioedema is not as compelling as for ACEI angioedema (4,5) For a potential airway emergency, the dose is 1 gram IV. See Table 14-6.
1) van den Elzen M et al ‘Efficacy of treatment of non-hereditary angioedema.’ Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018:54 (3):412-431 PMID 276720782)
2) Sheffer AL et al ‘Tranexamic acid therapy in hereditary angioneurotic edema’ NEnglJMed 1972; 287:452-454
3) Beauchene C et al ‘TXA as first line emergency treatment for episodes of bradykinin-mediated angioedema induced by ACE inhibitors’ Rev Med Interne 2018; 39(10):772-776 Doi 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.04.014
4) Zanichelli A et al ‘Standard care impact on angioedema because of hereditary C1 Inhibitor Deficiency: a 21-month prospective study in a sohort of 103 patients’ Allergy 2011; 66:192-96 PMID 21039598
5) Horiuchi T et al ‘The use of tranexamic acid for on-demand and prophylactic treatment of hereditary angioedema-A Systematic Review’ J CutanImmunolAllergy. 2018; 1:126-138
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Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction, with a rapid onset; it may cause death and requires emergent diagnosis and treatment. Consensus clinical criteria provide consistency for diagnosis (Table 14-1).1–3
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The terms anaphylactic...