TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Aphthous Ulcers (Canker Sores)
A1  - Jauch, Edward C.
A1  - Valdez, J. Amadeo
A2  - Knoop, Kevin J.
A2  - Stack, Lawrence B.
A2  - Storrow, Alan B.
A2  - Thurman, R. Jason
PY  - 2021
T2  - The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e
AB  - Aphthous  ulcers  are  shallow,  1-  to  15-mm,  painful  mucosal  ulcers.  A  prodromal  burning  sensation  may  be  noted  2  to  48  hours  before  an  ulcer  is  noted.  The  initial  lesion  is  a  small  white  papule  that  ulcerates  and  enlarges  over  48  to  72  hours.  Lesions  are  typically  round  or  ovoid  with  a  raised  yellow  border  and  surrounding  erythema.  Multiple  aphthous  ulcers  may  occur  on  the  lips,  tongue,  buccal  mucosa,  floor  of  the  mouth,  or  soft  palate.  Spontaneous  healing  occurs  in  7  to  10  days  without  scarring.  The  exact  etiology  is  unknown  but  is  believed  to  involve  an  immune  response  to  various  triggers.  Deficiencies  of  vitamin  B12,  folic  acid,  and  iron  as  well  as  viruses  have  been  implicated.  Stress,  local  trauma,  and  immunocompromised  states  have  all  been  cited  as  possible  precipitators.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181040716
ER  -