TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Protein-Energy Malnutrition—Kwashiorkor and Marasmus
A1  - Langston, Shannon M.
A1  - Bales, Brian D.
A2  - Knoop, Kevin J.
A2  - Stack, Lawrence B.
A2  - Storrow, Alan B.
A2  - Thurman, R. Jason
PY  - 2021
T2  - The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e
AB  - Protein-energy  malnutrition  (PEM)  applies  to  a  group  of  disorders  including  kwashiorkor  and  marasmus.  These  are  characterized  by  an  imbalance  between  the  body’s  supply  and  demand  of  energy  and  nutrients.  Kwashiorkor  means  “the  sickness  of  weaning”  as  it  is  often  seen  following  weaning  after  birth.  It  usually  occurs  between  the  ages  of  1  and  4  with  a  deficiency  of  dietary  protein  in  the  presence  of  normal  to  high  carbohydrate  intake.  The  etiology  is  complex,  but  there  is  decreased  synthesis  of  proteins  resulting  in  hypoalbuminemia.  Kwashiorkor  is  an  acute  illness  manifested  by  edema  secondary  to  fluid  and  sodium  retention.  Patients  have  peripheral  edema,  anasarca,  moon  facies,  apathy,  and  a  protuberant  abdomen  secondary  to  hepatomegaly.  The  skin  can  become  hyperkeratotic  and  may  split  open  in  pressure-prone  areas.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181051461
ER  -