TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 71. Pneumonia in Infants and Children A1 - Brown, Lance A2 - Cline, David M. A2 - Ma, O. John A2 - Cydulka, Rita K. A2 - Meckler, Garth D. A2 - Handel, Daniel A. A2 - Thomas, Stephen H. PY - 2012 T2 - Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine Manual, 7e AB - Most cases of pediatric pneumonia develop from inhalation of infective bacteria or viruses. The clinical presentation, likely etiologic agents, severity of illness, and disposition, vary with age. In the neonate, group B Streptococci, gram-negative bacteria, and Listeria monocytogenes, are important pathogens. In the 1 to 3 month old age group, infants may be afebrile with pneumonitis syndrome secondary to Chlamydia trachomatis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), other respiratory viruses, and Bordetella pertussis. In the 1 to 24 month age group, mild to moderate pneumonia can be caused by respiratory viruses as well as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Although viral pathogens dominate during years 2 to 5, the above bacterial pathogens are common. By the sixth year through 18 years of age, influenza virus A or B and adenovirus are common. At any age, severe pneumonia may be caused by S aureus, S pneumoniae, M pneumoniae, H influenzae B, and group A streptococci. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56274144 ER -