TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chemical Weapons A1 - Suchard, Jeffrey R. A2 - Hoffman, Robert S. A2 - Howland, Mary Ann A2 - Lewin, Neal A. A2 - Nelson, Lewis S. A2 - Goldfrank, Lewis R. PY - 2015 T2 - Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 10e AB - The first well documented intentional use of chemicals as weapons occurred in 423 b.c. when Spartans besieging Athenian cities burned pitch soaked wood and brimstone to produce sulfurous clouds.82 Chemical weapons were sporadically used, or their use considered, up through the nineteenth century.46 SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/11/12 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1108437903 ER -