TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - The Febrile- or Septic-Appearing Infant or Child A1 - Avner, Jeffrey R. A2 - Schafermeyer, Robert A2 - Tenenbein, Milton A2 - Macias, Charles G. A2 - Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 - Yamamoto, Loren G. PY - 2014 T2 - Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 4e AB - Children typically have four to six febrile illnesses in the first two years of life with most of these being nonspecific viral illnesses.Widespread vaccination for Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae has had a profound impact on the incidence of occult bacteremia and serious bacterial illness (SBI).Meticulous history and physical examination, most notably the initial visual inspection of the febrile infant or child is the foundation of accurate diagnosis.In the 28- to 56-day-old febrile infant, risk stratification criteria can be used to identify those at risk for SBI.Focusing parental attention to “controlling the fever” is generally impractical and misguided and contributes to fever phobia. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/12 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105679855 ER -