TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Toxic Shock Syndrome A1 - Abdulrahman, Eiman A1 - Jain, Shabnam A2 - Schafermeyer, Robert A2 - Tenenbein, Milton A2 - Macias, Charles G. A2 - Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 - Yamamoto, Loren G. PY - 2014 T2 - Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 4e AB - Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute, toxin-mediated illness characterized by fever, erythematous rash, hypotension, multi-organ involvement, and desquamation.Most cases of TSS have been associated with Staphylococcus aureus, However, Group A Streptococcus (GAS) can cause a similar disease known as streptococcal TSS (STSS).Menstrual and nonmenstrual cases of TSS are now reported with almost equal frequency. Predisposing factors for nonmenstrual TSS are surgical and nonsurgical trauma, burns, and postpartum conditions. Predisposing factors for STSS are varicella, NSAID use, and deep-seated GAS infections.STSS patients may have severe pain and hyperesthesia out of proportion to the degree of skin involvement.Management depends on prompt recognition, identification, and removal of the infectious focus. In addition, antibiotics and hemodynamic support are essential.Clindamycin has been recommended as the antibiotic of choice for both TSS and STSS (along with penicillin G for GAS).TSS can mimic many common diseases and should be considered in any patient who has unexplained fever, rash, and a toxic condition out of proportion to local findings. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/16 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105683234 ER -