TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Aneurysmal Disease
A1  - Prince, Louise A.
A1  - Johnson, Gary A.
A2  - Tintinalli, Judith E.
A2  - Stapczynski, J. Stephan
A2  - Ma, O. John
A2  - Yealy, Donald M.
A2  - Meckler, Garth D.
A2  - Cline, David M.
Y1  - 2016
N1  - 
T2  - Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 8e
AB  - An  aneurysm  is  dilation  of  the  arterial  wall  to  >1.5  times  its  normal  diameter.  Aneurysms  have  been  classically  distinguished  as  true  aneurysms,  pseudoaneurysms,  and  mycotic  aneurysms.  The  wall  of  a  true  aneurysm  involves  of  all  layers  of  the  vessel.  Risk  factors  for  these  include  connective  tissue  disorders,  familial  history  of  aneurysm,  and  atherosclerotic  risk  factors  (i.e.,  age,  smoking,  hypertension,  and  hyperlipidemia).  A  progressive  decrease  in  elastin,  collagen,  and  fibrolamellar  units  results  in  thinning  of  the  media  of  the  vascular  wall  and  a  decrease  in  its  tensile  strength.  In  aortic  true  aneurysm,  the  dilatation  and  increased  wall  force  are  intertwined,  creating  more  dilatation  (Laplace  law:  wall  tension  =  pressure  ×  radius).  The  rate  of  aneurysmal  dilatation  is  variable  and  predictable,  with  larger  aneurysms  expanding  more  quickly  and  changing  a  mean  0.25  to  0.5  cm  per  year.  However,  abrupt  expansion  occurs  and  is  not  predictable,  with  larger  aneurysm  more  likely  to  rupture.  Rupture  is  catastrophic,  occurring  once  the  stress  on  the  vessel  wall  exceeds  its  tensile  strength.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1121496310
ER  -