TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A1 - Cydulka, Rita K. A1 - Bates, Craig G. A2 - Tintinalli, Judith E. A2 - Stapczynski, J. Stephan A2 - Ma, O. John A2 - Yealy, Donald M. A2 - Meckler, Garth D. A2 - Cline, David M. Y1 - 2016 N1 - T2 - Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 8e AB - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is generally progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response to noxious particles or gases.1,2,3,4,5,6 COPD has two main forms: chronic bronchitis, defined in clinical terms, and emphysema, defined in terms of anatomic pathology. This traditional categorization is often indistinct, limiting the clinical utility of the definitions.2,3,4,5,6Chronic bronchitis is the presence of chronic productive cough for 3 months in each of 2 successive years, where other causes of chronic cough have been excluded.2,3,4,5,6Emphysema results from destruction of bronchioles and alveoli. The World Health Organization's Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease definition of COPD encompasses chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and asthma, and acknowledges that most patients have a combination of the different diseases. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1121504981 ER -