TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Intestinal Obstruction and Volvulus A1 - Kolade, Olumayowa U. A2 - Cydulka, Rita K. A2 - Fitch, Michael T. A2 - Joing, Scott A. A2 - Wang, Vincent J. A2 - Cline, David M. A2 - Ma, O. John Y1 - 2017 N1 - T2 - Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine Manual, 8e AB - Intestinal obstruction results from mechanical blockage or the loss of normal peristalsis. Adynamic or paralytic ileus is more common and usually self-limiting. Common causes of mechanical small bowel obstruction (SBO) are adhesions due to previous surgery, incarcerated hernias, or inflammatory diseases. Other causes to consider are inflammatory bowel diseases, congenital anomalies, and foreign bodies. The most frequent causes of large bowel obstructions are cancer, diverticulitis with stricture, sigmoid volvulus, and fecal impaction. Consider intussusception in children. Sigmoid volvulus is more common in the elderly taking anticholinergic medications while cecal volvulus is more common in gravid patients. Intestinal pseudoobstruction (Ogilvie syndrome) may mimic large bowel obstruction. The elderly and bedridden and patients taking anticholinergic medications or tricyclic antidepressants are at increased risk for pseudoobstruction. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1143140678 ER -