TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Common Parasitic Infestations A1 - Obringer, Emily A1 - McQueen, Alisa A2 - Tenenbein, Milton A2 - Macias, Charles G. A2 - Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 - Yamamoto, Loren G. A2 - Schafermeyer, Robert Y1 - 2019 N1 - T2 - Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 5e AB - Parasitic infections may affect virtually all organ systems. Some parasites only begin to produce symptoms months to years after the initial exposure.Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest and most prevalent human nematode infection, with an estimated 1 billion cases worldwide. Albendazole (400 mg orally as a single dose) or ivermectin (150–200 μg/kg orally as a single dose) is curative.Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) affects individuals of all ages and socioeconomic levels, with the most common presentation being that of a toddler or small child with anal itch. Scotch tape placed sticky side to perianal skin when the child first awakens may reveal the eggs.Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) lives predominantly in the cecum and can cause malabsorptive symptoms, pain, bloody diarrhea, and fever but is usually asymptomatic. A heavy worm burden may cause a colitis-like picture with rectal prolapse and anemia.The hookworms, Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale, are collectively one of the most prevalent infectious diseases of humans and cause an iron deficiency anemia.The avian schistosome Trichobilharzia ocellata is spread by migratory birds to the freshwater lakes of the northern United States. The cercariae cause a dermatitis known as swimmer’s itch. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/11/09 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1155427094 ER -