TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Thyroid Disorders A1 - Furtado, Nicholas A2 - Tenenbein, Milton A2 - Macias, Charles G. A2 - Sharieff, Ghazala Q. A2 - Yamamoto, Loren G. A2 - Schafermeyer, Robert Y1 - 2019 N1 - T2 - Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 5e AB - The most common disorder causing thyrotoxicosis in children is Graves’ disease.Thyroid hormones upregulate β-adrenergic receptors, causing symptoms of sympathetic nervous system overactivity.Signs of sympathetic hyperactivity include tremor, brisk deep tendon reflexes, tachycardia, arrhythmia, flow murmur, and congestive heart failure (CHF).Precipitating factors for thyroid storm in a patient with hyperthyroidism are stress, palpation of a goiter, iodinated contrast dyes, withdrawal of antithyroid medications, radioiodine therapy, and thyroid surgery.Thyroid storm is suggested by severe hyperpyrexia, delirium or psychosis, severe gastrointestinal hyperactivity, hepatic dysfunction with jaundice, arrhythmia, and CHF.Treatment consists of antithyroid treatment with methimazole, adrenergic blockade, and supportive management. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1155427842 ER -