TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Ethanol
A1  - Yip, Luke
A2  - Nelson, Lewis S.
A2  - Howland, Mary Ann
A2  - Lewin, Neal A.
A2  - Smith, Silas W.
A2  - Goldfrank, Lewis R.
A2  - Hoffman, Robert S.
Y1  - 2019
N1  - 
T2  - Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11e
AB  - Ethanol,  or  ethyl  alcohol,  is  commonly  referred  to  as  “alcohol.”  This  term  is  somewhat  misleading  because  there  are  numerous  other  alcohols.  However,  ethanol  is  one  of  the  most  commonly  used  and  abused  xenobiotics  in  the  world.  Its  use  is  pervasive  among  adolescents  and  adults  of  all  ages  and  socioeconomic  groups  and  represents  a  tremendous  financial  and  social  cost.3,228  The  ethanol  content  of  alcoholic  beverages  is  expressed  by  volume  percent  or  by  proof.  Proof  is  a  measure  of  the  absolute  ethanol  content  of  distilled  liquor,  made  by  determining  its  specific  gravity  at  an  index  temperature.  In  the  United  Kingdom,  the  Customs  and  Excise  Act  of  1952  declared  proof  spirits  (100  proof)  as  those  in  which  the  weight  of  the  spirits  is  12/13  the  weight  of  an  equal  volume  of  distilled  water  at  11°C  (51°F).  Thus,  100-proof  spirits  are  48.24%  ethanol  by  weight  or  57.06%  by  volume.  Other  spirits  are  designated  over  or  under  proof,  with  the  percentage  of  variance  noted.  In  the  United  States,  a  proof  spirit  (100  proof)  is  one  containing  50%  ethanol  by  volume.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1163047314
ER  -