TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Cardiac Tamponade with Pericardiocentesis A1 - Barlotta, Kevin S. A1 - Stack, Lawrence B. A1 - Knoop, Kevin J. A2 - Knoop, Kevin J. A2 - Stack, Lawrence B. A2 - Storrow, Alan B. A2 - Thurman, R. Jason Y1 - 2021 N1 - T2 - The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e AB - Cardiac tamponade occurs when fluid or blood accumulates in the pericardium at a rate that does not allow adequate filling of the ventricles resulting in diminished cardiac output and shock. Symptoms include shortness of breath, orthopnea, dyspnea on exertion, syncope, and symptoms of inadequate perfusion. Hypotension, tachycardia, pulsus paradoxus, and JVD are examination findings seen in tamponade. Causes include blunt or penetrating trauma, malignancy, hypothyroidism, uremia, myocardial or aortic rupture, and pericarditis. Rapid filling of the pericardial sac (50-100 mL) is more likely to cause cardiovascular compromise than gradual accumulation. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181040877 ER -