TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Antidotes in Depth A1 - Howland, Mary Ann A2 - Hoffman, Robert S. A2 - Howland, Mary Ann A2 - Lewin, Neal A. A2 - Nelson, Lewis S. A2 - Goldfrank, Lewis R. Y1 - 2015 N1 - T2 - Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 10e AB - Pyridoxine (vitamin B6), a water-soluble vitamin, is an antidote for overdoses of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (Isoniazid, INH), Gyromitra esculenta mushrooms, hydrazine, methylated hydrazines, and ethylene glycol. With the exception of ethylene glycol, all of these xenobiotics produce seizures by the competitive inhibition of pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP). Pyridoxine overcomes this inhibition and may also enhance the less toxic pathway of ethylene glycol metabolism to form benzoic and hippuric acid, instead of oxalic acid.6 Hydrazine and methylated hydrazines (1,1-dimethylhydrazine, UDMH; monomethylhydrazine, MMH) are used as rocket fuels, and MMH is also found in Gyromitra esculenta mushrooms.3 SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1108422002 ER -