TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Topical and Noninvasive Anesthesia A1 - Gandhi, Sonali A1 - Schindlbeck, Michael A. A2 - Reichman, Eric F. PY - 2018 T2 - Reichman's Emergency Medicine Procedures, 3e AB - Invasive procedures can cause significant anxiety in patients both young and old, much of which is related to fear of the associated pain. Noninvasive anesthesia has been shown to decrease pain and anxiety surrounding procedures (e.g., lumbar puncture, intravenous access, and laceration repair).1,2 This chapter will discuss topical anesthetic agents, noninvasive anesthetic agents, and the range of techniques that are available for delivery of these agents. Not discussed are many of the nonpharmacologic techniques to decrease pain and anxiety except oral sucrose.3-10 SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1159805264 ER -