TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Chapter 2. Approach to the Difficult Airway
A1  - Jang, Timothy
A1  - Wagner, Jason C.
A2  - Farcy, David A.
A2  - Chiu, William C.
A2  - Flaxman, Alex
A2  - Marshall, John P.
PY  - 2012
T2  - Critical Care Emergency Medicine
AB  - A  difficult  airway  exists  in  a  patient  when  conventional  face  mask  ventilation  is  problematic  or  tracheal  intubation  is  difficult,  requiring  advanced  airway  skills  for  success.  Patient  factors  such  as  micrognathia,  a  short  neck,  a  large  tongue,  craniofacial  abnormalities,  pregnancy,  and  obesity  are  chronic  conditions  associated  with  a  difficult  airway  but  do  not  inherently  define  a  difficult  airway.  Other  conditions  such  as  angioedema,  epiglottitis,  Ludwig's  angina,  retropharyngeal  abscess,  tracheal  trauma,  traumatic/expanding  neck  hematoma,  and  cervical  trauma  are  examples  of  acute  factors  that  similarly  may  cause  a  difficult  airway  condition  to  exist.  When  patients  with  any  of  these  conditions  develop  dyspnea  or  respiratory  distress,  immediate  action  is  required  to  avert  life-threatening  decompensation  or  permanent  debility.  Furthermore,  these  patients  can  present  at  any  time:  a  patient  with  a  penetrating  neck  injury  may  present  to  an  ED  without  warning,  or  a  long-term  ICU  patient  with  diffuse  soft  tissue  edema  and  a  beard  may  unexpectedly  decompensate  and  require  intubation.  Therefore,  in  a  variety  of  settings,  clinicians  must  be  prepared  for  rapid  escalation  of  care  and  difficult  airway  management.  
SN  - 
PB  - The McGraw-Hill Companies
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/24
UR  - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=55810042
ER  -