TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 28. Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury A1 - Ellis, Jason A. A1 - Lee, Kiwon A1 - Altschul, Dorothea A2 - Farcy, David A. A2 - Chiu, William C. A2 - Flaxman, Alex A2 - Marshall, John P. PY - 2012 T2 - Critical Care Emergency Medicine AB - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and traumatic spinal cord injury (TSI) represent pathologies that result from a diverse spectrum of primary insults to the central nervous system (CNS). Nearly 2 million cases of neurotrauma, including both TBI and TSI, occur annually in the United States making it an important public health issue.1–3 In addition to the long-term physical disabilities and the psychosocial impairments seen in neurotrauma survivors, the economic burden of TBI and TSI is significant. The cost of TBI in the United States is estimated to be somewhere between $40 and $200 billion.3–6 For TSI, it is estimated that the lifetime total cost directly attributable to spinal cord injury in a 25-year-old patient may exceed $3 million.2 SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/04 UR - accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=55813371 ER -