RT Book, Section
A1 Synovitz, Carolyn K.
A2 Cydulka, Rita K.
A2 Fitch, Michael T.
A2 Joing, Scott A.
A2 Wang, Vincent J.
A2 Cline, David M.
A2 Ma, O. John
SR Print(0)
ID 1143140224
T1 Arterial Occlusion
T2 Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine Manual, 8e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071837026
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1143140224
RD 2024/04/23
AB Peripheral  arterial  disease  is  defined  as  an  ankle-brachial  index  (ABI)  of  <0.9  (see  ABI  definition  below).  The  disease  prevalence  is  4.3%  in  Americans  under  age  40  years,  and  prevalence  climbs  to  15.5%  in  those  over  70  years  of  age.  High-risk  individuals  (such  as  those  over  70  years,  or  those  over  50  years  with  risk  factors  such  as  diabetes)  should  be  evaluated  carefully  when  complaints  are  indicative  of  possible  occlusive  arterial  disease.  Tobacco  use  significantly  increases  the  risks  that  an  individual  will  develop  peripheral  arterial  disease.  Limb  ischemia  from  an  acute  arterial  occlusion  can  lead  to  irreversible  changes  in  peripheral  nerves  and  skeletal  muscle  tissue  in  4  to  6  hours.  The  most  frequently  diseased  arteries  leading  to  limb  ischemia  are  the  femoropopliteal,  tibial,  aortoiliac,  and  brachiocephalic.  The  common  femoral  and  popliteal  arteries  are  the  most  common  sites  of  arterial  embolism.