RT Book, Section
A1 Schatz, Daniel
A1 Lee, Joshua D.
A2 Nelson, Lewis S.
A2 Howland, Mary Ann
A2 Lewin, Neal A.
A2 Smith, Silas W.
A2 Goldfrank, Lewis R.
A2 Hoffman, Robert S.
SR Print(0)
ID 1163006212
T1 Prevention, Treatment, and Harm Reduction Approaches to Opioid Overdoses
T2 Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11e
YR 2019
FD 2019
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781259859618
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1163006212
RD 2024/04/16
AB Opioid-related  deaths  rates  in  the  United  States  continue  to  rise.  A  decades-long  US  prescription  drug  epidemic  persists,  driven  by  high  rates  of  per  capita  opioid  analgesic  dispensing,  and  is  now  paired  with  a  growing  availability  of  illicit  heroin,  fentanyl,  and  fentanyl  derivatives.  Rates  of  opioid  use  disorders,  opioid  treatment  admissions,  opioid-related  emergency  department  (ED)  and  hospital  admissions,  and  overdose  mortality  have  all  steadily  increased  since  1990.8  In  2012,  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention  (CDC)  reported  that  for  every  unintentional  overdose  death  related  to  an  opioid  analgesic,  9  people  were  admitted  for  substance  abuse  treatment,  35  visited  EDs,  161  reported  drug  abuse  or  dependence,  and  461  reported  nonmedical  uses  of  opioid  analgesics.10  Recent  federal  and  state  reform  efforts  seek  to  bolster  a  public  health  response  to  opioid  use  disorders  and  overdose  deaths.14,50  The  availability  and  dissemination  of  core  evidence-based  interventions  that  treat  and  prevent  overdose  events  and  fatalities,  however,  has  not  kept  pace  with  the  number  of  persons  using,  suffering  harm,  and  dying  from  opioids.