RT Book, Section
A1 Jauch, Edward C.
A1 Valdez, J. Amadeo
A2 Knoop, Kevin J.
A2 Stack, Lawrence B.
A2 Storrow, Alan B.
A2 Thurman, R. Jason
SR Print(0)
ID 1181040577
T1 Temporal Mandibular Joint Dislocation
T2 The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e
YR 2021
FD 2021
PB McGraw-Hill
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260134940
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181040577
RD 2023/03/23
AB Temporomandibular  joint  (TMJ)  dislocation  generally  occurs  in  predisposed  individuals  after  a  vigorous  yawn  or  seizure,  or  less  commonly  from  direct  trauma  to  the  chin  while  the  mouth  is  open.  Dislocation  occurs  when  the  mandibular  condyles  displace  forward  and  become  locked  anterior  to  the  articular  eminence.  Masseter  muscle  spasm  contributes  to  prevention  of  spontaneous  relocation.  Weakness  of  the  temporomandibular  ligament,  an  overstretched  joint  capsule,  and  a  shallow  articular  eminence  are  predisposing  factors.  Patients  usually  present  with  an  inability  to  close  an  open  mouth.  Other  associated  symptoms  include  pain,  discomfort,  facial  swelling  near  the  TMJ,  and  difficulty  speaking  and  swallowing.  Anterior  dislocations  are  most  common;  however,  posterior  dislocation  may  occur  with  significant  trauma,  often  in  association  with  basilar  skull  fractures.  Unilateral  dislocation  results  in  deviation  of  the  mandible  to  the  unaffected  side.  TMJ  hemarthrosis  and  dystonic  reactions  may  mimic  TMJ  dislocations.  Mandibular  fractures  should  be  considered  if  there  is  a  history  of  facial  trauma.