RT Book, Section
A1 Dooley-Hash, Suzanne
A1 Knoop, Kevin J.
A2 Knoop, Kevin J.
A2 Stack, Lawrence B.
A2 Storrow, Alan B.
A2 Thurman, R. Jason
SR Print(0)
ID 1181041790
T1 Shoulder Dystocia in Emergency Delivery
T2 The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e
YR 2021
FD 2021
PB McGraw-Hill
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260134940
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181041790
RD 2021/12/02
AB Shoulder  dystocia  is  defined  as  failure  to  deliver  the  fetal  shoulders  following  delivery  of  the  head.  Dystocia  is  caused  by  impaction  of  the  fetal  shoulders  against  the  pelvic  outlet.  Often,  it  is  diagnosed  by  retraction  of  the  fetal  head  against  the  perineum  after  delivery  (“turtle  sign”).  Risk  factors  include  gestational  diabetes,  prior  shoulder  dystocia  or  delivery  of  large  infants,  and  postterm  delivery.