RT Book, Section
A1 Stark, Christopher L.
A2 Knoop, Kevin J.
A2 Stack, Lawrence B.
A2 Storrow, Alan B.
A2 Thurman, R. Jason
SR Print(0)
ID 1181038053
T1 Zygoma Fractures
T2 The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e
YR 2021
FD 2021
PB McGraw-Hill
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260134940
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181038053
RD 2024/04/20
AB The  zygoma  bone  has  two  major  components,  the  zygomatic  arch  and  the  body.  The  arch  forms  the  inferior  and  lateral  orbit,  and  the  body  forms  the  malar  eminence  of  the  face.  Direct  blows  to  the  arch  can  result  in  isolated  arch  fractures.  These  present  clinically  with  pain  on  opening  the  mouth  secondary  to  the  insertion  of  the  temporalis  muscle  at  the  arch  or  impingement  on  the  coronoid  process.  More  extensive  trauma  can  result  in  the  “tripod  fracture,”  which  consists  of  fractures  through  three  structures:  1)  the  frontozygomatic  suture;  2)  the  maxillary  process  of  the  zygoma  including  the  inferior  orbital  floor,  inferior  orbital  rim,  and  lateral  wall  of  the  maxillary  sinus;  and  3)  the  zygomatic  arch.  Clinically,  patients  present  with  a  flattened  malar  eminence  and  edema  and  ecchymosis  to  the  area,  with  a  palpable  step-off  on  examination.  Injury  to  the  infraorbital  nerve  may  result  in  infraorbital  paresthesia,  and  gaze  disturbances  may  result  from  injury  to  orbital  contents.  Subcutaneous  emphysema  may  be  present.