RT Book, Section A1 Barry, James David A2 Hoffman, Robert S. A2 Howland, Mary Ann A2 Lewin, Neal A. A2 Nelson, Lewis S. A2 Goldfrank, Lewis R. SR Print(0) ID 1108430578 T1 Antimalarials T2 Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 10e YR 2015 FD 2015 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071801843 LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1108430578 RD 2024/03/28 AB The malaria parasite has caused untold grief throughout human history. The name originated from Italian mal aria (bad air) because the ancient Romans believed the disease was caused by the decay in marshes and swamps and was carried by the malodorous “foul” air emanating from these areas.10 In the 1880s, both the Plasmodium protozoa as well as its mosquito vector were identified.10 Today, 40% of the world’s population lives in areas where malaria is endemic. More than 500 million people develop acute malaria infection, and an estimated one million die from the infection each year.2,10,46 Most of these deaths are from Plasmodium falciparum infections of young children in Africa.5 To put this into perspective, it is estimated that two children die from malaria every minute worldwide.55 Included among those at risk of becoming infected are 50 million travelers from industrialized countries who visit the developing countries each year. Despite using prophylactic medications, 30,000 of these travelers will acquire malaria.101