RT Book, Section A1 Brush, D. Eric A2 Hoffman, Robert S. A2 Howland, Mary Ann A2 Lewin, Neal A. A2 Nelson, Lewis S. A2 Goldfrank, Lewis R. SR Print(0) ID 1108436432 T1 Marine Envenomations T2 Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 10e YR 2015 FD 2015 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071801843 LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1108436432 RD 2024/03/28 AB Human contact with venomous marine creatures is common and may result in serious harm from biological toxins or mechanical injury inflicted by the stinging apparatus. Significant morbidity results from envenomation by spiny fish, cone snails, octopi, sea snakes, and several species of jellyfish. Despite advances in basic science research regarding the biochemical nature of marine toxins and their mechanisms of action, our knowledge of the pathophysiology related to clinical syndromes in humans and the optimal therapies for human envenomation remain limited. Evidence for effective treatment is primarily derived from in vitro and in vivo animal research without the benefit of controlled human trials. However, current research in toxinology coupled with clinical observations allows the development of cogent treatment guidelines for victims of marine envenomation.