RT Book, Section
A1 McCreight, Audra L.
A1 Wickiser, Jonathan E.
A2 Schafermeyer, Robert
A2 Tenenbein, Milton
A2 Macias, Charles G.
A2 Sharieff, Ghazala Q.
A2 Yamamoto, Loren G.
SR Print(0)
ID 1105686135
T1 Oncologic Emergencies
T2 Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 4e
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-182926-7
LK accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105686135
RD 2024/04/19
AB Acute  leukemia  is  the  most  common  malignancy  in  childhood  and  may  present  with  a  variety  of  symptoms  including  fever,  fatigue,  bleeding,  adenopathy,  or  bone  pain.Most  oncologic  emergencies  arise  from  metabolic,  hematologic,  structural,  or  toxic  chemotherapy  effects.Findings  associated  with  inflammation  may  be  absent  in  the  neutropenic  patient,  with  fever  the  only  sign  of  serious  infection.Infection  may  progress  rapidly  in  the  neutropenic  host;  evaluation  and  initiation  of  antibiotic  therapy  must  be  done  urgently.Tumor  lysis  syndrome  (TLS)  results  from  the  death  of  tumor  cells  and  release  of  their  intracellular  contents  leading  to  hyperuricemia,  hyperphosphatemia,  and  hyperkalemia.Mediastinal  compression  from  the  tumors  may  result  in  superior  vena  cava  syndrome  (SVCS)  or  superior  mediastinal  syndrome  (SMS),  resulting  in  an  airway  emergency.